Introduction to heat exchangers bengt sunden lund institute of technology. Introduction to engineering heat transfer these notes provide an introduction to engineering heat transfer. Heat exchanger and its types engineering solutions. Types of heat exchangers shell and tube, plate type. Counter flow heat exchangers are the most efficient of the three types. Plate heat exchanger working principle, how a plate heat. Design features flow arrangements heat transfer mechanisms. Nearterm schedule m 3 nov heat exchanger design, analysis cody w 5 nov alternative to. Kuppan is a noted authority in the area of heat exchangers, pressure vessels, and railway technologies. A heat exchanger can be designed by the lmtd when inlet and out let conditions are specified.
Theory and selection heat exchangers are devices that transfer heat between two luids. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger single. This book is intended to be a useful reference source and guide to researchers, postgraduate students, and engineers in the fields of heat exchangers. Heat transfer theory tells us that the log mean temperature difference is the average temperature difference to use in heat exchanger design equation calculations. Heat transfer processes set limits to the performance of aerospace components and systems and the subject is one of an enormous range of application. The goals of this proje ct were to design a plate heat exchanger apparatus and evaluate the potential. In contrast to the parallel flow heat exchanger, the counter flow heat exchanger can have the hottest coldfluid. The design of any heat exchanger is governed by the following equations. Knowledge about heat exchanger theory, calculations and design is important because of the widespread use of a variety of heat exchangers for industrial use and in everyday life. To reduce the temperature of a hot fluid by means of a cooler fluid 3. Hedhs first edition, published in 1983 by hemisphere publishing corporation, contained about 1500 pages of original material structured in five parts covering. Pdf heat exchanger lab experiment chemical engineering. Project theory section due friday next week cody will teach class monday and wednesday next week, and will give the help session on wednesday.
Klarexs netherlands selfcleaning heat exchanger consists of a design that reduces the surface area by approximately 20% see fig. Heat exchangers design, experiment and simulation intechopen. He is author of the successful heat exchanger design handbook, first edition published by marceldekker now crc press in 2000. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. Industrial heat exchanger types include the most common double pipe heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, as well as spiral, flat plate, and fin tube heat exchangers. Realworld experience using flexible preheat networks, good exchanger design practices and proven exchanger technology is proving to be more important than theory. Heat transfer equipment may be designated by type or function it performs, such as chiller, condenser, cooler reboiler, etc. Shell and tube heat exchanger the optimum design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of a number of interacting design parameters as summarized below. It is therefore possible to heat or cool fluids or gases which have minimal energy levels.
Heat transfer theory heat exchanger types 4 calculation method temperature program heat load logarithmic mean temperature. Lewin heat exchanger design shellandtube heat exchangers heuristic 55. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. For more information about wiley products, visit our website at.
A unique, singlesource volume offering essential material on heat exchanger design in a unified approach suitable to many applications, fundamentals of heat exchanger design details an indepth thermal and hydraulic design theory underlying twofluid heat exchangers for steadystate operation. Jul 01, 2016 because the cooler fluid exists the counter flow heat exchanger at the end where the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger, the cooler fluid will approach the inlet temperature of the hot fluid. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. Shah rochester institute of technology, rochester, new york formerly at delphi harrison thermal systems, lockport, new york dus. If the heat exchanger is located at the inlet or discharge of a blower with a pulsating flow, such as a roots type rotary lobe blower, the heat exchanger must be protected from the pulsation by a chambered silencer. The double pipe heat exchanger is one heat exchanger pipe inside another larger pipe for either counter flow or parallel flow pattern. This article covers practical considerations when designing cduvdu preheat networks for heavy crude.
About hedh multimedia heat exchanger design handbook. A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between a solid object and a fluid, or between two or more fluids. Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of heat exchanger design book now. Plate heat exchanger theory phe structure and functional. A heat exchanger follows this principle in its endeavour to reach equalisation. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. Plate heat exchangers were first produced in the 1920s and have since been widely used in a great number of sectors a plate exchanger consists of a series of parallel plates that are placed one above the other so as to allow the formation of a series of channels for fluids to flow between them. Ntu approach cody f 7 nov natural convection, boiling kevin. Fundamentals of heat exchanger design wiley online books. The technology features a shell and tube heat exchanger in the vertical position. A counterflow airtoair heat exchanger with a sinusoidal plate form figure 2 is smaller than a dimple airtoair heat exchanger on a like for like basis.
As part of my 3rd year computational fluid dynamics cfd module, i was tasked with designing a cross flow heat exchanger, using cfd, capable of providing 1. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger. Heat exchange involve convection in each fluid and. Design and analysis of a newly installed plate heat. R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. Heat exchangers design and theory sourcebook internet archive. Completely revised and updated to reflect current advances in heat exchanger technology, heat exchanger design handbook, second edition includes enhanced figures and thermal effectiveness charts, tables, new chapter, and additional topicsall while keeping the qualities that made the first edit. This is due to the larger area the plates provide over tubes. Plate heat exchanger were first introduced in the 1920s.
Unit operations lab heat exchanger 12 theory notes 1. When the problem is to determine the inlet and outlet temperatures for a particular heat exchanger, the analysis is. Optimisation of plateplate fin heat exchanger design a thesis submitted to the university of manchester for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the faculty of engineering and physical sciences 2015 kunpeng guo centre for process integration school of chemical engineering and analytical science. With a plate type heat exchanger, the heat penetrates the surface, which separates the hot medium from the cold one very easily. The theory behind heat transfer plate heat exchangers. Heat exchangers are devices used to transfer heat between two or more. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger single phase.
As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. Conventional heat exchangers suffer from fouling, leading to a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient with time. We will begin first, by discussing th e basic principles of heat tr ansfer for a heat exchanger. Optimisation of plateplatefin heat exchanger design. The theories of transient heat transfer in doublepipe heat exchangers were explained and followed by literature correlations. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes. To heat a cooler fluid by means of a hotter fluid 2. In addition, we will examine various aspects of heat exchanger design and analysis. Design and rating of shell and tube heat exchangers page 4 of 30 mnl 032a issued 29 august 08, prepared by j. Design and analysis of a newly installed plate heat exchanger. The sinusoidal plate form may be applied to exhaust flows that include particulate. Heat exchanger design an overview sciencedirect topics.
Therein, popular analytical techniques such as log mean temperature difference lmtd and effectivenessnumber of. Thulukkanam kuppan works for the indian railway service of mechanical engineers, and is based in chennai, india. Fundamentals of heat exchanger design download ebook pdf. Presenting contributions from renowned experts in the field, this book covers research and development in fundamental areas of heat exchangers, which include. The basic component of a heat exchanger can be viewed as a tube with one fluid running through it and another fluid flowing by on the outside. The heat exchanger design equation can be used to calculate the required heat transfer surface area for a variety of specified fluids, inlet and outlet temperatures and types and configurations of heat exchangers, including counterflow or parallel flow. For the heat transfer to occur two fluids must be at different temperatures and they must come thermal contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants. Shell and tube heat exchangers are having special importance in boilers,oil coolers, condensers, preheaters.
A procedures manual was created for the doublepipe heat exchanger. He has authored numerous books, proceedings, journal articles, and conference papers covering heat exchangers and related topics. The choice of shell and tube type is determined chiefly by factors such as the need for the provision for differential movement between shell and tubes, the design pressure, the design temperature, and the fouling nature of the fluids rather than the function. In contrast to the parallel flow heat exchanger, the counter flow heat exchanger can have the hottest coldfluid temperature greater than the coldest hotfluid temperatue. The notes are intended to describe the three types of heat transfer and provide. E1mnl032a design and rating of shell and tube heat. Basic design methods of heat exchanger, heat exchangers design, experiment and simulation, s m sohel murshed and manuel matos lopes, intechopen, doi. Theory and application two fluids, of different starting. The heat exchange duty a llows calculation of the log mean. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants. Some content that appears in printmay not be available in electronic books. The first stage is concerned with the selection of the most appropriate heat exchanger type, for example, the choice of a shell and tube exchanger as opposed to a plate, rotating wheel, heat pipe, etc. Heat exchanger, any of several devices that transfer heat from a hot to a cold fluid. Heat transfer coefficient and design margin the total overall heat transfer coefficient k is defined as.
A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and. Process fluid assignments to shell side or tube side. Heat exchanger is a process equipment designed for the effective transfer of heat energy between two fluids. This double action is economically accomplished by a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is a component that allows the transfer of heat from one fluid liquid or gas to another fluid.
Often, for recovering energy from an industrial exhaust, a dimpletype heat exchanger would be used. Due to the high heat transfer efficiency of the plates, plate type heat exchangers are usually very small when compared to a tube and shell type heat exchanger with the. In cross flow heat exchangers, one fluid flows through tubes and second fluid passes around the tubes perpendicularly. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Heat exchanger theory and the heat exchanger design equation. That is, th e design of a twofluid heat exchanger used fo r the purposes of recovering waste heat. The determination of the optimum heat exchanger design for a specific, well defined application can be regarded as a two stage process. Subscripts h and c refer to the hot and cold fluids, respectively, and subscripts i and o refer to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, respectively. A procedure for use of the equipment and the software was outlined.
The term heat exchanger applies to all equipment used to transfer heat between two streams. The basic layout for a countercurrent shell and tube heat exchanger together with the associated heat curve for a condensing process generated from chemcad are shown. Qrate of heat transfer, btuhr duty anet heat transfer area, sq ft surface area uoverall heat transfer coefficient btuhr 3 hr 3 sq ft 3 deg f flmtd correction factor for. Now it is widely used in a great number of sectors like sugar industry, pharmaceutical industry, food processing industries etc. A compact heat exchanger is a device characterized by a high heat transfer area per unit volume more than 300 m2m3. Lewin heat exchanger design shellandtube heat exchangers these movies demonstrate the flow of process fluids in a typical shellandtube heat exchanger setup. In this chapter we will examine the basic theory of heat exchangers and consider many applications. Fundamentals of heat exchanger design pages 1 50 text. Welded, semiwelded and brazed heat exchangers are used for heat exchange between highpressure fluids or where a more compact product is required. The heat exchanger must be isolated from system vibrations using flexible piping connections and isolation pads on the mounting feet. Experiment regarding heat exchanger concurrentcountercurrent flows at same rate and different rates. However, the term is commonly used to equipment in which two process streams exchange heat with each other. This means that the plate heat exchanger can remain in service far longer between cleaning intervals.
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